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Present Perfect Tense In Spanish 101

The present perfect tense in Spanish is a super simple one for English learners, the reason is - we use it every fricken day! For example, the sentence I have learned a lot” is a perfect representation of this tense in action.


In ugly-sounding linguistic words, it's the auxiliary verb Haber + a verb in the Past Participle. But screw that, if you’re like me, you just want to learn the conjugation.


So with that said, let’s just jump into this short lesson. I’ll provide you with simple explanations, 10 common verbs conjugated for the present perfect, and 10 example sentences.

¿Estás listo/a? (Are you ready?)

¡Vamos entonces! (Let’s go then!)


picture of a hand making the "perfect hand sign" with a title that says "The Present Perfect In Spanish"


What Is The Present Perfect Tense?

The present perfect tense is described as being a way of talking about an action that has been completed but remains relevant in the present.


Think of the sentence “Have you already eaten?”


In this sentence, the question being asked is asked in the past tense [Have you already eaten] although it's currently of importance.


Some other examples of this are:

  • I have finished my homework

  • She has visited Paris

  • Have you ever traveled to Europe?

  • She has just received a promotion


How To Use The Present Perfect Tense In Spanish?

The best part about this tense is that we use it all of the time in English, so it’s easy to understand. To create the present perfect tense, we use the verb Haber (To have) and pair it with the past participle of a word such as Aprendido (Learned).


Haber + Past participle

Haber + aprendido = To have learned


Haber (Auxiliary Verb)

Subject

Haber Conjugation

Yo (I)

He

Tú (You)

Has

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos

Vosotros (You-Plural | Spain)

Habéis



Past Participle

Most commonly, the past participle follows a super simple rule. Although, sometimes this rule is broken such as in the word Escribir, which becomes Escrito.


AR Verbs (ADO)

Verb

Past Participle

Estar

Estado

Hablar

Hablado

Probar

Probado

Encontrar

Encontrado

Sacar

Sacado


IR/ER Verbs (IDO)

Verb

Past Participle

Aprender

Aprendido

Servir

Servido

Comer

Comido

Correr

Corrido

Imprimir

Imprimido



10 Common Verbs In The Present Perfect Tense

Now we'll go over the 10 most common verbs in the present perfect tense. Take a look at the patterns that repeat. This conjugation may seem a little overwhelming at first (it is grammar, right?). However, with a little bit of exposure you'll master it easily. I believe in you.


Hablar (To talk)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He hablado

Tú (You)

Has hablado

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha hablado

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han hablado

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos hablado

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis hablado


Escribir (To write)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He escrito

Tú (You)

Has escrito

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha escrito

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han escrito

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos escrito

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis escrito


Entender (To understand)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He entendido

Tú (You)

Has entendido

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha entendido

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han entendido

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos entendido

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis entendido


Decir (To say)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He dicho

Tú (You)

Has dicho

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha dicho

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han dicho

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos dicho

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis dicho


Aprender (To learn)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He aprendido

Tú (You)

Has aprendido

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha aprendido

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han aprendido

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos aprendido

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis aprendido


Comer (To eat)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He comido

Tú (You)

Has comido

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha comido

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han comido

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos comido

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis comido


Encontrar (To find)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He encontrado

Tú (You)

Has encontrado

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha encontrado

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han encontrado

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos encontrado

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis encontrado


Ver (To see)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He visto

Tú (You)

Has visto

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha visto

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han visto

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos visto

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis visto


Intentar (To try)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He intentado

Tú (You)

Has intentado

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha intentado

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han intentado

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos intentado

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis intentado


Leer (To read)

Subject

Conjugated Verb

Yo (I)

He leído

Tú (You)

Has leído

Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You-Formal)

Ha leído

Ellos/as/Ustedes (Them/You-Formal)

Han leído

Nosotros/as (We)

Hemos leído

Vosotros/as (You-Plural)

Habéis leído


Examples: Using The Present Perfect In Spanish

Here are some example sentences using the present perfect tense in Spanish. If you really want to acquire this conjugation as soon as possible, I recommend that you write these down and review them a few times. Good luck, friend, you got this!

Spanish Sentence

English Translation

¿Has hablado con tu hermana?

Have you spoken with your sister?

Ella ha escrito la carta

She has written the letter

Hemos entendido el mensaje

We have understood the message

Ya lo he dicho varias veces

I have already said it many times

Ellos han aprendido mucho

They have learned a lot

Hemos comido sushi antes

We have eaten sushi before

has encontrar el secreto

You have found the secret

He visto la foto antes

I have seen the photo before

Hemos intentado mejorar

We have tried to improve

Ella ha leído ese libro

She has read that book


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